大型海上风电场风机排布优化策略研究OPTIMIZATION OF WIND TURBINE LAYOUT IN LARGE-SCALE OFFSHORE WIND FARM
李岩,吴迪,洪畅,刘怀西,葛文澎
摘要(Abstract)：
为提升大型海上风电场的经济效益,得到合理的风机排布方案,提出了一种规则型排布优化策略,该策略通过对风电场内风机布局参数进行遍历取值,对各方案分别进行发电量计算,从而找出发电量最大的方案;同时,还提出了随机型迭代优化策略,该策略以最优规则型方案作为初始方案,通过不断调整尾流较大风机的位置,从而提升整个风电场的发电量。2种风机机位优化策略均采用Python语言实现,通过实际风电场监测数据的分析对比,验证了Jensen尾流模型可较准确预测海上风电场风机尾流损失,最后通过对Horns Rev2海上风电场算例进行风机机位优化分析,得出了在最优规则型排布方案中各排风机的连线均大致与主风向垂直,且随机型排布方案的年发电量可在规则型排布方案基础上平均提升约1.35%的结论。
关键词(KeyWords)： 风能;海上风电场;机位优化;尾流效应;规则排布;随机排布
基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1501100)
作者(Author): 李岩,吴迪,洪畅,刘怀西,葛文澎
参考文献(References)：
- [1]倪云林,辛华龙,刘勇.我国海上风电的发展与技术现状分析[J].能源工程,2009,4(1):21-25.
- [2]GONZALEZ J S,GARCIA A L T,PAYAN M B,et al.Optimal wind-turbine micro-siting of offshore wind farms:A grid-like layout approach[J].Applied energy,2017,200(15):28-38.
- [3]DUPONT B,CAGAN J,MORIARTY P.An advanced modeling system for optimization of wind farm layout and wind turbine sizing using a multi-level extended pattern search algorithm[J].Energy,2016,106(1):802-814.
- [4]GAO X X,YANG H X,LU L.Optimization of wind turbine layout position in a wind farm using a newly-developed two-dimensional wake model[J].Applied energy,2016,174(15):192-200.
- [5]WU Y K,LEE C Y,CHEN C R,et al.Optimization of the wind turbine layout and transmission system planning for a large-scale offshore wind farm by AI technology[C]//2012IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting,October 7-11.2012,Las Vegas,USA,2012.
- [6]KATIC I.HOJSTRUP J,JENSEN N O.A simple model for cluster efficiency[C]//European Wind Energy Association Conference and Exhibition,October 6-8,1986,Rome,Italy,1987.
- [7]FRANDSEN S.On the wind speed reduction in the center of large clusters of wind turbines[J].Journal of wind engineering&industrial aerodynamics,1992,39(1):251-265.
- [8]KUSIAK A,SONG Z.Design of wind farm layout for maximum wind energy capture[J].Renewable energy,2010,35(3):685-694.
- [9]MANWELL J F,MCGOWAN J G,ROGERS A L.Wind energy explained:Theory,design and application[M].England:John wiley&sons ltd.,2002:43-44.
- [10]GAUMOND M,RETHORE P E,OTT S,et al.Evaluation of the wind direction uncertainty and its impact on wake modeling at the Horns Rev offshore wind farm[J].Wind energy,2014,17(8):1169-1178.
- [11]WU Y T,PORTEAGEL F.Modeling turbine wakes and power losses within a wind farm using LES:an application to the Horns Rev offshore wind farm[J].Renewable energy,2015,75(1):945-955.
- [12]BRANDT M J,DIEDERICHS A,BETKE K,et al.Responses of harbour porpoises to pile driving at the Horns Rev II offshore wind farm in the Danish North Sea[J].Marine ecology progress,2010,421(12):205-216.